Vitalik's recent criticism is quite harsh: pseudo-decentralization is worse than just using cloud servers directly, and the Layer 2s' fig leaf has been torn off.

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Vitalik Buterin: Some L2 projects are not fully decentralized
ME News message: On May 16 (UTC+8), 2025, during an EthCC speech, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin said that many Layer 2 projects that claim to be built on-chain have backdoors that can be triggered at any time or lack sufficient decentralization. He believes that the architecture of these projects is not much different from traditional centralized servers. He pointed out that if developers cannot ensure the project is fully decentralized, directly using centralized servers may be more practical. (Source: MLion)
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