The solution to the fragmentation problem in the L2 ecosystem lies in unified liquidity. Put simply, it involves using technical means to connect the liquidity scattered across various L2s, transforming the entire Ethereum system into a seamless network from the user's perspective.

How exactly to do this? First, achieve seamless cross-L2 asset transfer, allowing users to move assets directly between chains without repeatedly locking or unlocking liquidity. Second, build an abstraction layer for chains—hiding all the underlying details at the application layer so that users are unaware of which L2 they are on. This involves standardizing orders, creating unified settlement interfaces, and roles like Solver and Filler to ensure consistency in cross-chain execution.

In plain terms, it’s about enabling every user to move freely within the entire Ethereum ecosystem, just as if operating on a single network.