Wu Blockchain learned that against the backdrop of controversy previously disclosed by Ledger’s security team that Tangem cards have a physical attack vulnerability and cannot be fixed because the firmware is not upgradable, Tangem’s Chief Technology Officer Andrey Lazutkin posted a defense of its minimalist design. He said the more hardware wallet components there are, the larger the attack surface; therefore Tangem uses an architecture with no screen, no battery, and non-upgradable firmware. Andrey believes that firmware upgrades themselves are also a long-standing code injection entry point, so an immutable design can reduce the need for ongoing trust in the vendor; the mnemonic words of traditional hardware wallets are the primary security weak link, and fully disclosing the underlying mechanisms of secure chips may also give attackers clues.