Wu learned that the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) announced the launch of a Common Supervisory Action targeting crypto asset service providers (CASPs), focusing on assessing the digital operational resilience of custody services. This is also the first targeted joint supervisory action since MiCA entered its full implementation phase. The review will involve risk-oriented sample inspections of licensed CASPs by regulatory authorities of member states, focusing on areas such as governance structure, private key and storage management, transaction control, incident response, smart contract risks, and third-party dependencies. The relevant work will continue until the first half of 2027.