Nokia started as a paper mill in 1865, then made rubber shoes, tires, and cables, going all-in on communications in the 1990s, establishing itself as the king of mobile phones. Now, it has shifted to base stations and patent licensing.

The most impressive thing about this company is not how good they are at making phones, but that every time they were close to failure, they could find a new track. From pulp to rubber to mobile phones to 5G, they have survived through four eras.
The secret to corporate longevity: it's not about perfecting one thing, but knowing when to switch tracks. As long as the foundation remains, there is capital for a comeback.
Nokia's story tells us that living long is more important than running fast.