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The three major waves of modern Chinese migration: Going to Southeast Asia, Breaking into Northeast China, Walking Westward
At a glance
1. Breaking into Northeast China
• Departure places: Shandong, Hebei, Henan
• Destinations: The three northeastern provinces (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, formerly called Guandong)
• Reasons: Old hometowns had limited land and frequent disasters, couldn't get enough to eat; in the late Qing Dynasty, restrictions on Northeast China were relaxed, the land was fertile with many wastelands, and people went to farm to survive
• Nature: Inland migration northward for farming