Cryptocurrencies are reshaping the global financial landscape. These digital assets based on blockchain technology, represented by Bitcoin and Ethereum, offer decentralized, highly transparent, and secure transaction methods. They have not only spurred innovative applications such as DeFi and NFTs but also serve as potential tools to combat inflation. However, sharp price volatility, regulatory uncertainties, and energy consumption issues have also sparked widespread controversy. In the future, with technological iterations and improved compliance frameworks, cryptocurrencies may play a more profound role in payments, cross-border settlements, and other areas, continuously challenging the boundaries of traditional financial systems.