Huang discusses the essence of technological evolution. Recently, I noticed an important point that caught my attention. The current challenges in computing have reached a scale that cannot be solved by a single machine anymore. The reason this is significant is that, with Moore's Law slowing down, the traditional performance improvement patterns we've relied on are beginning to break down.

NVIDIA co-founder Huang argues that extreme co-design is essential in response to this reality. It means looking at the entire hardware, software, and algorithms. Considering the complexity of distributed computing, this is not just an ideal but a practical necessity.

With the slowdown of denard scaling, Moore's Law is mainly decelerating, and simply scaling up is no longer enough. Distributing complex computational problems across multiple components introduces new challenges. Fault tolerance, synchronization, communication overhead. These are fundamental issues in computer science.

Huang emphasizes that market size determines R&D capability, and that R&D capability influences industry impact. In other words, understanding market dynamics is key to technological innovation.

NVIDIA's evolution from a gaming GPU company to an AI computing company is not just a business shift. It was a strategic adaptation to meet market demands while balancing specialization and generalization. The introduction of FP32 into shaders and the integration of CUDA into GeForce may seem risky at first glance, but they were calculated shifts.

Computer design requires understanding the entire stack, from operating systems to software. It cannot be done without cooperation across different specialties. And for a platform to succeed, a broad adoption base is essential. Attracting developers and building an ecosystem define the essence of architecture.

While x86 continues to face criticism, it remains a defining architecture, demonstrating the power of an adoption base. In an era where Moore's Law is slowing, building upon such a foundation makes innovation even more valuable.