Lately, I've been asked again about how much retail investors need to understand about block construction and bundles... I think there's no need to push yourself to become a researcher. To put it simply, you only need to know: the transactions you send out may not be included in blocks in the order you think; someone might "bundle" to help you get in faster/more discreetly, or they might do some small tricks before or after you (like front-running, sandwiching, etc.), and that's enough.

When it comes to trading, there are two main points: don't chase hot tokens on-chain, and don't use too loose slippage; for large swaps or low-liquidity pools, it's better to split orders or find reliable aggregators/private routes, so you don't become a cash machine for others. As for how exactly bundles are assembled or who collaborates with whom... unless you're doing MEV or developing, there's really no need to watch it every day.

Seeing the NFT royalty debate about "liquidity" and "creator income," I can also understand: when rules change, arbitrage becomes even more comfortable, and ordinary people are more easily used as liquidity. Anyway, I stick to my old habits—slowly picking up opportunities, avoiding risks I can understand, and not gambling hard on the rest.