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The oil market is presenting an unusual picture these days. To understand the direction of prices, one must first look at the charts and then at the news flow behind them.

What Do the Charts Say?

In the first chart, Brent crude is trading at $105.43, having dipped as low as $104.54 during the day. This indicates a sharp sell-off and suggests the market is searching for direction. The second chart shows Brent at $100.48, with a 24-hour trading volume hovering around 643,000 barrels. These figures point to a highly volatile market where investors can rapidly shift their positions.

Factors Driving Prices Up

The primary factor behind the recent rise in oil prices is the ongoing conflict in the Middle East, which has persisted for six months. Last Wednesday, Brent crude rose above $100 for the first time since July 24. This surge was triggered by attacks launched by the Iran-backed Houthis against energy facilities in Saudi Arabia.

One point is particularly critical: the volume of oil passing through the Strait of Hormuz has dropped from pre-conflict levels of 8–9 million barrels per day to less than 2 million barrels. This signifies a severe restriction in the global oil supply.

The alternative route developed by Saudi Arabia to counter this situation is also under threat. The country had been rerouting oil to the Red Sea port of Yanbu to bypass the risks associated with the Strait of Hormuz. However, Houthi attacks around the Bab el-Mandeb Strait have made this alternative route risky as well. The Situation on the OPEC+ Front

OPEC+ nations reached a critical decision last Sunday, opting not to alter production targets for October. At the meeting attended by Saudi Arabia, Russia, Iraq, Kuwait, Kazakhstan, Algeria, and Oman, it was decided to maintain production levels identical to those of September.

There is a significant backdrop to this decision: for the first time since April, OPEC+ has chosen not to increase production. The reason for this is that the climate of conflict limits the influence OPEC+ nations can exert on the market. Even if production were increased, the oil could not reach global markets because safe passage through the Strait of Hormuz is not guaranteed.

Inventories Raising Alarm

Another key factor driving prices up is the rapid depletion of global oil inventories. According to data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration, global stockpiles have fallen by approximately 400 million barrels this year and are expected to continue declining for the remainder of the year.

Meanwhile, the U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserve stands at its lowest level since 1982. This situation implies a severely diminished capacity for the market to absorb a new supply shock.

What Is Happening in Summary?

Two distinct dynamics are currently clashing in the oil market. On one hand, geopolitical tensions and supply disruptions in the Middle East are pushing prices upward. On the other, signals regarding diplomacy are causing sharp market volatility. Considering that Brent crude fell to $69 in July, surged to $105, and is now fluctuating around the $100 mark, it is evident that the market is struggling to find a clear direction.

Experts indicate that if disruptions in the Strait of Hormuz persist, Brent crude could test the $120 level. These levels appear poised to directly impact not only energy markets but also global inflation and central bank interest rate policies.

Key Risks:

· Escalation in the Strait of Hormuz: Navigation safety in the strait is falling entirely under Iran's control; the passage of every barrel is becoming subject to Tehran's authorization.
· Threat to the Bab el-Mandeb: The alternative route in the Red Sea is also within the Houthis' range; the market is pricing in the risk of both straits coming under pressure simultaneously.
· Demand destruction: High prices are beginning to dampen demand, yet the supply-side crunch is failing to offset this effect.
· Diplomatic fragility: The volatility of the grounds for agreement between the US and Iran keeps the risk of war alive.

Oil prices seem likely to continue fluctuating around the $100 mark in the short term. However, a sustained decline is unlikely until the situation in the Strait of Hormuz clarifies and global inventories are restored to safe levels. The market is currently highly reactive to every new development, and this volatility appears set to persist for some time.

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Smoke Detected Along Saudi Arabia's East-West Pipeline: Attack Allegation Unconfirmed

Satellite imagery has detected heavy smoke along the route of Saudi Arabia's strategic East-West Crude Oil Pipeline. The images indicate a large plume of smoke in the section of the pipeline southeast of Medina, towards Mahd adh-Dhahab. NASA's FIRMS fire detection system also recorded thermal anomalies clustered in the same area.

Verification Status

There is currently no independent confirmation that the pipeline has been struck or that the detected fire is related to oil infrastructure. NASA stated that while the FIRMS system can detect active fires and thermal anomalies, the data alone cannot determine what is burning or the cause of the heat source.

Strategic Importance of the Pipeline

The East-West Pipeline, spanning approximately 1,200 kilometers, transports crude oil from production and processing facilities in the Abqaiq region of eastern Saudi Arabia to Yanbu on the Red Sea coast. The pipeline's primary function is to enable the transport of Saudi crude oil to the Red Sea without passing through the Strait of Hormuz. This feature enhances the pipeline's importance given current conditions where maritime traffic in the Strait of Hormuz is restricted.

Regional Tensions and Background

This development coincides with a period of escalating tension between the Houthis and Saudi Arabia. On September 8, the Houthis launched missile and drone attacks on the Saudi regions of Jazan, Abha, Najran, and Khamis Mushait. Saudi Arabia also carried out retaliatory strikes in Yemen. The Houthis also seized the strategic Red Sea port city of Mokha and advanced toward the Bab el-Mandeb Strait. According to data cited by the Associated Press, maritime traffic passing through the Bab el-Mandeb has dropped by approximately 60 percent due to earlier Houthi attacks.

Impact on the Oil Market

Amid rising regional tensions, Brent crude surpassed the $108 mark this week, reaching its highest level in recent months. On Friday, however, the price retreated slightly, with Brent crude trading in the $104 range. On a weekly basis, Brent crude has gained more than 8 percent in value.

Key factors driving oil price movements include restrictions in the Strait of Hormuz and the perceived risk regarding the Red Sea shipping route. If the alleged attack on the pipeline is confirmed, it would imply that the land-based infrastructure Saudi Arabia uses to bypass the Strait of Hormuz has also become a target.

It remains unclear whether the situation involving the pipeline has caused any disruption to oil flows. Official statements and independent verifications regarding the matter will be crucial in assessing the development's potential impact on energy markets.

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