Wu learned that Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin stated in a post that obfuscation is the most powerful primitive conceived in cryptography, transforming a program into an "encrypted program" that hides its internal logic while producing the same output for plaintext inputs as the original program. Its canonical form is indistinguishability obfuscation (iO), which essentially hides code rather than data. Vitalik noted that obfuscation closely approaches the theoretical ideal of a universal "trustless trusted third party," and when combined with blockchain, it could support applications such as secure, private, and collusion-resistant voting systems with almost no trust assumptions. However, obfuscated programs cannot prevent themselves from being copied and cannot independently handle stateful scenarios like currency, a gap that blockchain can fill. The article pointed out that researchers in recent years have been able to achieve iO under reasonable security assumptions, but the runtime remains "galactic," potentially exceeding the lifespan of the universe, far from practical application. Vitalik stated that future paths include optimizing existing lattice-based constructions, adopting more aggressive cryptographic lattice assumptions, or exploring entirely new obfuscation schemes not reliant on lattices. If successful, any protocol describable by an idealized trusted third party could be securely realized, but enormous challenges remain.