Espresso said that Flock, a new SNARK for batch Boolean computation co-created by Espresso Chief Scientist Benedikt Bünz, Succinct’s Ron Rothblum, and NYU PhD student William Wang, is currently the fastest SNARK prover. Benchmark results show that on a consumer-grade laptop equipped with an Apple M4 Max, Flock can prove 661,000 Blake3 compressions, 338,000 SHA-256 compressions, and 252,000 Keccak permutations per second, with proof size under 450KB and verification time under 4 milliseconds. However, it is still a research prototype and not yet ready for production use.

ESP15.88%
PROVE3.77%
FLOCK5.75%
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