The U.S. Senate passed the War Powers Resolution by a vote of 50 to 48, calling for Trump to withdraw troops from Iran. Previously, the House of Representatives had passed the same text by a vote of 215 to 208. This is the first time since the enactment of the War Powers Act of 1973 that both chambers of Congress have simultaneously passed a resolution compelling the president to terminate military action.

Four Republican senators defected and voted in favor, breaking the previous pattern of unified Republican support for Trump’s military policy. The White House directly denied the resolution’s effectiveness, with its core arguments being that the War Powers Act itself is unconstitutional and that the U.S. side had reached a ceasefire on April 7, meaning the scenario to which the resolution would apply no longer exists. On the legal front, the 1973 law provides that resolutions of this kind take effect without the president’s signature, but a Supreme Court precedent from 1983 requires adherence to a presidential-signature procedure, leaving the law’s enforceability in a legal deadlock and with currently no qualified party to initiate enforcement litigation.

Even so, from a political perspective, the resolution substantially tightens the White House’s room to maneuver for restarting military action against Iran and for military spending appropriations. Trump previously said publicly that if negotiations fail, he would not rule out restarting military strikes; now, the political cost of this option has risen significantly. U.S. polling shows that only 25% of Americans approve of the value of putting money and resources into a war with Iran, while more than half are concerned that the ceasefire may be difficult to sustain.

In addition, Senate Republican leader Huen confirmed that any subsequent peace agreement between the U.S. and Iran must be submitted to Congress for review and a vote under the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015. This adds a key variable to whether the agreement can ultimately be implemented.

For BTC, this resolution reduces the tail risk of a renewed restart of the Iran conflict, slightly favoring the upside in the short term, with the marginal convergence of geopolitical uncertainty. However, because the peace agreement must pass congressional review, the execution path will be longer and uncertainty higher. If, during the review, the terms are amended significantly or rejected, geopolitical premiums could be pushed back up again. BTC is temporarily holding above $62,000, and this level remains the short-term boundary between bulls and bears. Ahead of the PCE data, market sentiment is cautious, and the resolution’s impact on the trading tape is mainly emotional for now and does not change the technical landscape. $BTC