As of June 22, 2026, the core results and latest developments of the US-Iran negotiations

1. Stage core achievements: Signing of the "Memorandum of Understanding" (effective remotely on June 17)

The leaders of the US and Iran remotely signed the Memorandum of Understanding, officially announcing a comprehensive ceasefire of the US-Israeli joint military conflict against Iran that began at the end of February. The document took effect immediately, and the originally scheduled offline signing ceremony in Switzerland on June 19 was canceled due to unforeseen reasons.

Key provisions of the memorandum

1. Full ceasefire: The US, Iran, and all parties will maintain a permanent ceasefire on all fronts within Iran, Lebanon, and elsewhere, refrain from initiating military strikes, and respect Lebanon’s sovereignty.
2. Shipping lanes and blockade: The US will immediately lift the maritime blockade on Iran, fully remove the blockade within 30 days; Iran will clear mines and obstacles in the Strait of Hormuz, gradually restore free navigation throughout the Persian Gulf, and ensure the safety of international shipping.
3. Negotiation window: A maximum of 60 days will be set for negotiations to finalize a comprehensive agreement, with the possibility of extension through mutual consultation.
4. Sanctions and economy: The US commits to phased removal of all unilateral and UN-related sanctions against Iran; together with regional partners, the US will launch a over $300 billion Iran economic reconstruction plan, with details to be finalized within the 60-day negotiation period.
5. Nuclear issue framework: Iran reaffirms that it will never develop nuclear weapons; subsequent negotiations will address key issues such as uranium enrichment stockpile disposal, nuclear facility inspections, and enrichment rights boundaries.
6. Military deployment arrangements: Within 30 days after the final agreement, US forces will withdraw from Iran’s surrounding deployment areas.

2. First round of formal negotiations (June 21, Bürgenstock, Switzerland)

Mediated by Pakistan and Qatar, the US and Iran senior delegations held their first face-to-face negotiations after signing the memorandum, which has now concluded:

1. Primary disagreement focus: Israel continues airstrikes in Lebanon; Iran considers that the US has not fully fulfilled its obligation of a full ceasefire, and will prioritize Lebanon’s situation as the main topic of this round, with nuclear issues postponed.
2. Main negotiation topics:

- Implementation of a complete ceasefire on the Lebanon front;
- Unfreezing Iran’s overseas frozen assets and easing oil export permissions;
- Establishing specialized technical expert groups and supervision working groups to build a subsequent regular negotiation mechanism.

3. Statements from both sides: The US claims to have made phased progress in negotiations but cannot resolve all deep-rooted conflicts at once; after the negotiations, Trump issued a strong statement against Iran, maintaining a tense overall tone in the negotiations.

3. Summary of the current overall situation

1. No signing of a permanent peace treaty: Currently only a ceasefire framework memorandum, which is a temporary binding document; a comprehensive long-term binding agreement is still under development within the 60-day negotiation cycle.
2. Implementation uncertainties: Israeli actions, US domestic election pressures, Iran’s nuclear rights demands, and regional proxy conflicts are the main obstacles for subsequent negotiations.
3. Short-term impacts: Shipping through the Strait of Hormuz has significantly recovered, international oil prices have eased, and the risk of large-scale direct conflicts in the Middle East has greatly decreased, but the risk of fragmented localized conflicts has not been fully eliminated.

Follow-up negotiations will proceed through multiple rounds of tiered technical consultations and high-level talks within the 60-day timeframe to advance a comprehensive agreement.