I think retail investors only need to understand about 70-80% of "block builders/bundle": don't think you're trading directly with the "market," you're actually often competing with more skilled packagers for position, so don't push high slippage or chase confirmation buttons in thin liquidity.

To put it simply, just remember two things: first, the price you see doesn't necessarily mean you'll get filled at that price, especially those fleeting "cheap" prices; second, the more complex the operation (like swap + approve), the easier it is for someone to insert it into a bundle and manipulate it, which means you might think you're slow, but in reality, you've been set up. My alternative approach is quite simple: split into batches, set limit prices/tighter slippage, use deep pools as much as possible, and if you really want to go on-chain, choose times of less congestion.

Recently, L2s are still arguing over TPS, fees, and subsidies about which is more attractive... I personally care more about whether that one transaction really counts as yours or not. Cheap is cheap, but don’t save on gas only to lose out during execution. That’s all for now; this is what the arbitrage folks keep talking about.