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Unexpectedly, 3.5 million Bitcoin, worth hundreds of billions of dollars, has already disappeared forever.
Look at this chart. Estimates as of June 2026:
Of Bitcoin $BTC ’s total supply, approximately 17% has been lost—about 3.5 million Bitcoin.
How were these 3.5 million Bitcoin lost? The report lists several main reasons:
Lost private keys:
Hard drives failed, seed phrases were discarded, or the owner died
Transfer errors: Funds were sent to the wrong address and disappeared into a black hole
Holder deaths: No one knew where the private keys were
Failed early miners: They mined the coins but did not preserve them
So, how much is left?
Effectively transferred supply: approximately 16.55 million Bitcoin, accounting for 83% of the total. Actual circulating supply: approximately 16.05 million to 17.05 million Bitcoin.
It is worth noting that the estimate of 3.5 million Bitcoin includes Satoshi Nakamoto’s initial holdings—approximately 1.1 million Bitcoin.