Question 1

What is ROSE?

Accepted Answer

ROSE is the native token of Oasis Mainnet. It is used to pay network transaction fees and can also be used for staking, delegation, and governance. It is both the fee asset users need to submit on-chain operations and the asset through which the consensus layer configures economic security via staking. These uses are not equivalent: paying Gas settles the network cost for a specific operation; staking or delegating places ROSE under consensus rules to support validators' network participation and pursue rewards according to those rules; governance use involves voting on or participating in applicable proposals.

Question 2

How should ROSE Gas fees be understood?

Accepted Answer

When transferring funds or performing other operations requiring on-chain processing on Oasis Network, ROSE can be used to pay Gas fees. Gas is the protocol's resource measurement for different transaction types; for example, the genesis parameters assign corresponding Gas costs to transfers, adding stake, debonding, and burning operations. The final amount of ROSE a user pays depends on the Gas rules applicable to the operation and the transaction parameters at that time, rather than being determined solely by the transfer amount. Gas fees address the cost of processing and recording operations on the network, while staking rewards follow a separate token flow path.

Question 3

How do ROSE staking and delegation work?

Accepted Answer

ROSE holders can stake on their own and operate validators, or delegate ROSE to validators. Validators participate in consensus and propose or sign blocks; delegators provide the staking weight associated with them, but do not thereby assume the day-to-day responsibilities of operating a node. Rewards come from staking rewards reserved by the protocol and distributed through on-chain mechanisms, rather than being paid directly by counterparties. Reward calculations consider factors including validators' performance in proposing and signing blocks, the number of nodes participating in staking, and the amount staked; a validator's commission arrangement affects the share actually received by delegators.

Question 4

What determines ROSE staking rewards?

Accepted Answer

Staking rewards are not generated unconditionally. Official token economics documentation states that a validator must sign at least 75% of blocks in an epoch to be eligible for rewards for that epoch; rewards also vary with parameters such as the staking period. This creates a clear “network security–rewards” relationship: validators must first maintain sufficient consensus participation, after which the protocol distributes reserved rewards to staked and delegated funds according to its rules. Previously presented target reward ranges cannot be treated as a fixed rate of return for any account, because eligibility, validator performance, commissions, and on-chain parameters all change actual results.

Question 5

What is the difference between ROSE's 10 billion-token supply cap and circulating supply?

Accepted Answer

ROSE has a fixed maximum total supply of 10 billion tokens. This cap describes the maximum aggregate amount of all tokens, rather than the immediately circulating amount: official materials record that approximately 1.5 billion tokens entered circulation at mainnet launch, while other portions may remain non-circulating at different times because of lockup and release arrangements. Approximately 2.3 billion tokens are designated as rewards to be paid to stakers and delegators over time. Therefore, total supply, allocated or reserved amounts, unlocked amounts, and the circulating amount freely tradable at a given time must be assessed separately; the 10 billion-token cap cannot directly represent market-tradable supply.

Question 6

Why can't ROSE be used immediately after undelegation?

Accepted Answer

After undelegating or unstaking, ROSE does not immediately return to a freely usable balance because it must pass through a debonding period. The Oasis documentation describes the mainnet configuration as 336 epochs, expected to be approximately 14 days; the actual elapsed time depends on the epoch cadence. The waiting period keeps debonded funds subject to consensus security rules for a period of time; the documentation states that the funds no longer accrue rewards during this period and may still face slashing risk related to double-signing. This differs from selling tokens directly on the secondary market: the former exits a staking state, while the latter depends on market trading and the available asset balance.

Question 7

What did 2024 governance proposal 4 mean for ROSE staking?

Accepted Answer

On March 27, 2024, Oasis governance proposal 4 was passed, and the staking reward program was updated according to official documentation. This was an implemented adjustment to the reward distribution schedule, not a proposal that remained only at the discussion or testing stage. This event shows that staking-related schedules and parameters may change through governance. Therefore, current or future rewards should be evaluated based on applicable on-chain rules and the latest official schedule, rather than treating the reward schedule in early issuance materials as a permanently unchanged commitment.

Question 8

What is the difference between ROSE governance participation and consensus weight?

Accepted Answer

ROSE's governance use means it can be used in Oasis Network governance processes; consensus voting power, meanwhile, is related to staking weight, with a validator's weight proportional to the amount it has staked. Both involve participating in network decisions, but occur under different rules and in different contexts. At the consensus layer, signatures by validators representing more than two-thirds of the committee's total staking weight are an important condition for a block to achieve confirmation. This explains why the amount staked and validator performance both affect network security and reward eligibility, but it does not mean an individual token holder can independently determine network rules.

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