Question 1

What is Kaspa?

Accepted Answer

Kaspa is a proof-of-work BlockDAG network, and KAS is its native asset. It allows miners to produce multiple blocks in the network nearly simultaneously, then uses GHOSTDAG rules to organize those blocks into a processable ordered ledger; it is therefore not designed on the premise that there can only be a single blockchain. When users send KAS, transactions are propagated through the network and included in blocks by miners. Parallel blocks do not automatically mean that every block has equal ledger status: consensus rules evaluate the reference relationships between blocks and determine an ordering so nodes can agree on the order in which transactions are processed.

Question 2

What is KAS used for?

Accepted Answer

KAS is the native crypto asset of the Kaspa mainnet, used to transfer value on the network and paid to miners as part of proof-of-work block-production incentives. It is not company equity and does not, merely by being held, confer dividend, redemption, or operational decision-making rights. Miners compete to generate valid blocks through computational work; after a block is accepted by the protocol, the miner can receive a block subsidy under the emission rules at that time, as well as fees paid by transactions included in that block. Thus, KAS is both an asset for users to pay and transfer with and the unit of account through which the network economically incentivizes block production and security.

Question 3

What are the characteristics of Kaspa’s BlockDAG?

Accepted Answer

Kaspa’s BlockDAG allows multiple blocks arising during the same period to remain in the ledger structure, rather than directly discarding non-main-branch blocks as invalid results as in a traditional single chain. Each block can reference multiple prior blocks, so the overall structure is a directed acyclic graph (DAG). This design addresses the possibility that multiple miners find blocks simultaneously when block propagation has delays. Kaspa still needs consensus rules to determine the processing order of these parallel blocks and their transactions; BlockDAG provides a structure that accommodates parallel block production, not that transactions need no confirmation or that all conflicting transactions can succeed simultaneously.

Question 4

What is GHOSTDAG?

Accepted Answer

GHOSTDAG is the consensus protocol Kaspa uses in its proof-of-work BlockDAG. When multiple blocks are produced in parallel and have different propagation times, its task is to form a consistent ordering based on relationships between blocks, rather than simply choosing one chain and ignoring other parallel blocks. Ordering is critical because nodes must determine in the same order whether a transaction has already spent a balance. GHOSTDAG incorporates parallel blocks into its ordering process, allowing the network to maintain a consistent ledger under the BlockDAG structure; it does not eliminate proof of work, and blocks must still satisfy the network’s PoW validity requirements.

Question 5

How fast does Kaspa produce blocks?

Accepted Answer

Kaspa currently describes its mainnet as operating at 10 blocks per second (10 BPS). Here, BPS refers to the average block-production frequency, not a guarantee that an individual transaction is irreversible; users need to decide to wait for sufficient subsequent network confirmations based on the payment amount, counterparty requirements, and their own risk assessment. A higher block-production frequency shortens the target interval between adjacent blocks. To make this frequency compatible with decentralized operation, the network must also handle block propagation delays and parallel block production, so this target is interconnected with the BlockDAG structure and GHOSTDAG ordering.

Question 6

How is KAS issued?

Accepted Answer

KAS enters supply through public proof-of-work mining. Miners submit valid blocks that meet the difficulty requirement; blocks accepted by the network receive block subsidies according to the protocol, and the subsidies decline with the emission schedule. Kaspa states that its genesis was empty and that there was no premine, hidden allocation, or presale. Therefore, “fair launch” describes the initial issuance path: the principal protocol-level path to obtain KAS early was public mining, rather than pre-allocation by the project to insiders before mainnet launch. It does not mean everyone can mine at the same equipment cost; actual mining results still depend on hashrate, difficulty, operating costs, and mining-pool rules.

Question 7

How are KAS supply and emission arranged?

Accepted Answer

Kaspa’s planned maximum supply is approximately 28.7 billion KAS, but “maximum supply” does not equal circulating supply at any particular time. Mined block subsidies constitute issued supply; whether they are in market circulation is also affected by holding, loss, locking, or transfer status. Its emission does not halve all at once on fixed dates. The official emission schedule uses a smooth decline arrangement: on a monthly basis, block rewards decline at a pace of approximately halving each year. Therefore, the current block reward and cumulative issued supply change with time and actual network progress; official emission schedules and on-chain data should be considered when checking specific figures.

Question 8

When did Kaspa launch, and what does fair launch mean?

Accepted Answer

Kaspa mainnet launched in November 2021. The official description calls it a fair-launch proof-of-work network, with an empty genesis block to publicly demonstrate that no KAS was premined and allocated to the project or early participants before mainnet launch. This historical fact explains KAS’s initial allocation method; it does not explain the source of holdings at any address today or guarantee that subsequent market distribution remains balanced. Subsequent supply will still be formed jointly by mining emissions, on-chain transfers, and holding behavior.

Question 9

What did the Crescendo upgrade change?

Accepted Answer

Crescendo is a major Kaspa mainnet upgrade whose direct change was to raise the network target from 1 block per second to 10 blocks per second. It changes protocol operating parameters and the network’s processing cadence, rather than replacing KAS with another asset. The upgrade affects mainnet only after node software adopts the appropriate version and the network activates according to the upgrade rules. Higher BPS causes blocks to be produced more frequently, but it does not automatically equate “faster blocks” with final settlement for every payment scenario; confirmation strategy still depends on transaction risk and recipient requirements.

Question 10

How do Kaspa’s proof of work and miner rewards operate?

Accepted Answer

Kaspa uses proof of work (PoW). Miners repeatedly compute and try to find blocks meeting the current difficulty target; the party that first finds a valid block broadcasts it, and other nodes verify whether the work, transactions, and block structure comply with the rules. The network adjusts mining difficulty through the protocol’s difficulty-adjustment mechanism so that block-production speed operates around the target. Miner revenue consists of block subsidies and transaction fees, while electricity, hardware, mining-pool commissions, and network conditions are miners’ own costs; therefore, PoW rewards are not fixed returns for ordinary token holders.

Question 11

What is the difference between KAS and a Kaspa wallet?

Accepted Answer

KAS is the asset unit on the chain; a wallet is a software or hardware tool that stores private keys and generates signatures. A wallet controls the authorization to spend KAS at an address; it does not custody or create KAS for users at the wallet company. To receive, provide an address for the corresponding Kaspa network; to send, the wallet signs a transaction with the private key and broadcasts it. If a private key, seed phrase, or signing authorization is disclosed, a third party may move the assets; conversely, if control credentials are lost, the network generally cannot recover them for the user.

Question 12

Where can I find Kaspa’s official information and verify dynamic data?

Accepted Answer

When learning about Kaspa, prioritize the project website and the developer materials it links to, and refer emission questions to the official emission schedule. The website introduces the network’s positioning, BlockDAG, and fair launch; the emission schedule explains the planned decline of rewards over time. For balances, transaction status, current block rewards, or software compatibility, verify against on-chain data and official release information for the software in use, because these states change. Do not determine whether a network or asset is correct based only on a token name, search results, or a third-party contract page.

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