Question 1

What is FDUSD, and who is responsible for its issuance and custody?

Accepted Answer

FDUSD is the ticker symbol for First Digital USD, a stablecoin designed to be denominated in U.S. dollars. Current official disclosures state that it is issued by FD121 (BVI) Limited, with reserves held in custody by First Digital Trust Limited, and is designed to be redeemable for U.S. dollars at a 1:1 ratio. Issuance, reserve custody, and secondary-market trading are distinct stages: the issuer administers token subscription and redemption arrangements, while the custodian holds the reserve assets. When users trade on the secondary market, the actual execution price is still determined by that market's order book and liquidity.

Question 2

How is FDUSD's value supported by reserves?

Accepted Answer

FDUSD reserves consist of cash and cash equivalents. Assets listed officially include short-dated U.S. Treasury bills and overnight reverse repurchase agreements. Their purpose is to provide an asset base equivalent to U.S. dollars for FDUSD in circulation, thereby supporting the issuer's 1:1 redemption arrangement. Reserve assets are held under segregated custody and bankruptcy-remote arrangements, separate from the custodian's own assets. This structure describes how the reserves are held, but it does not guarantee an immediate execution price or liquidity on any trading venue, or that users will not encounter issues with transfer operations.

Question 3

How should I read FDUSD reserve transparency information?

Accepted Answer

First Digital Labs publishes monthly independent attestation reports to verify whether FDUSD in circulation is backed by an equivalent value of cash or cash equivalents. When reviewing a report, users should consider the report date, the basis used for tokens in circulation, and the basis used for reserve assets; a report for one month should not be treated as real-time proof for any subsequent point in time. An attestation provides independent verification of the relationship between reserves and circulating supply at a specific point in time. It does not directly determine secondary-market quotations, nor does it replace users' own assessment of service providers, networks, and transfer operations.

Question 4

How can FDUSD be subscribed for or exchanged for fiat currency?

Accepted Answer

To subscribe for or redeem FDUSD directly with First Digital Labs, a user must first become its customer and pass the required AML, CTF, and other reviews. Official information states that tokens are not sold directly to retail customers; only eligible customers that complete the relevant process may subscribe for or redeem tokens using fiat currency of equivalent value. For a direct redemption, the user returns FDUSD and the issuer exchanges it for fiat currency of equivalent value according to the process, after which the corresponding tokens are removed from circulation. If direct redemption is unavailable, selling on the secondary market is another route: it depends on venues that support the asset, quotations, and liquidity, and is not equivalent to redeeming with the issuer at 1:1.

Question 5

What are common uses of FDUSD?

Accepted Answer

FDUSD can be used for value transfers, payment settlement, and allocation of trading funds in digital-asset environments. Its U.S.-dollar denomination objective is intended to reduce the impact of price volatility associated with pricing directly in highly volatile crypto assets; it is not a yield product and does not represent an entitlement to investment returns on reserve assets. In actual use, the network on which a transfer occurs determines fees, confirmations, and address requirements, while whether the recipient or service provider accepts FDUSD determines whether the payment or settlement can be completed. Therefore, “can be used for settlement” describes a potential use, not a guarantee that it is available on every platform or network.

Question 6

What restrictions and risks should I consider when using FDUSD?

Accepted Answer

Before using FDUSD, users should distinguish the risk boundaries of reserves, direct services, and on-chain transactions. Direct subscriptions and redemptions are subject to customer eligibility, AML/CTF reviews, applicable jurisdictions, and terms of service; official information also states that U.S. persons or entities may not use its minting and redemption services. The terms allow the issuer to delay, suspend, or cancel issuance or redemption where it suspects that a transaction involves fraud, illegality, or a breach of the terms. Meanwhile, on-chain transfers are generally irreversible, and secondary-market sales also depend on liquidity and counterparties; reserve attestations do not eliminate these operational and service-level risks.

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