#PAXG# #BCH# #BTC# 比特现金（BCH）核心介绍

比特现金（Bitcoin Cash，简称BCH）是比特币（BTC）的硬分叉币种，于2017年8月诞生，核心目标是解决比特币网络交易拥堵、手续费高的问题，定位“更适合日常支付的加密货币”。

1. 核心诞生背景

比特币网络因最初设计的“1MB区块大小限制”，导致每秒处理交易（TPS）仅约3-7笔，高峰期常出现交易拥堵、手续费飙升（曾达数十美元/笔）。2017年，比特币社区因“是否扩大区块”分歧，支持扩大区块的阵营通过硬分叉（修改区块链代码并生成新链），诞生比特现金。

2. 关键技术特点

- 更大区块容量：初始将区块大小提升至8MB，后进一步支持动态调整（最大可到32MB），使TPS提升至约100-200笔/秒，大幅降低交易拥堵概率。
- 更低交易成本：因区块空间更充足，交易手续费远低于比特币，通常仅需几分到几美元（视网络拥堵情况），适合小额高频支付。
- 兼容比特币基础设计：沿用比特币的SHA-256加密算法、去中心化账本结构，早期持有比特币的用户，在分叉时可按1:1比例获得对应数量的BCH。

3. 主要应用场景

- 日常支付：主打“点对点电子现金”功能，部分商家（如线下零售店、线上平台）支持BCH付款，可直接用于购买商品或服务。
- 价值存储与转账：作为加密资产，可用于跨地域转账（尤其跨境场景，无需通过银行，到账速度快于传统汇款），也被部分投资者视为“比特币的替代存储选择”。

4. 市场与生态现状

- 市值排名：长期位列加密货币市值前10-20名（截至2024年5月），流动性低于比特币、以太坊，但具备稳定的交易市场。
- 社区与发展：核心开发团队持续维护网络，支持“零知识证明”等技术升级，以提升隐私性与扩展性，但社区规模与影响力远小于比特币。

5. 与比特币（BTC）的核心区别

对比维度 比特现金（BCH） 比特币（BTC）
区块大小 动态调整（最大32MB） 1MB（通过“隔离见证”间接扩展）
交易速度（TPS） 约100-200笔/秒 约3-7笔/秒
核心定位 日常支付工具（电子现金） 价值存储（“数字黄金”）
交易手续费 低（几分-几美元） 高（高峰期数十-数百美元）Core Introduction to Bitcoin Cash (BCH)

Bitcoin Cash (BCH for short) is a hard fork of Bitcoin (BTC). Launched in August 2017, its core goal is to address issues of transaction congestion and high fees on the Bitcoin network, positioning itself as a "cryptocurrency more suitable for daily payments".

1. Core Background of Its Inception

Due to the "1MB block size limit" in Bitcoin's original design, the Bitcoin network can only process approximately 3-7 transactions per second (TPS). During peak periods, it often experiences transaction congestion and a sharp surge in fees (which once reached dozens of US dollars per transaction). In 2017, the Bitcoin community was divided over the "whether to expand the block size" debate. The camp that supported block expansion created a new blockchain by hard forking (modifying the blockchain code), giving birth to Bitcoin Cash.

2. Key Technical Features

- Larger Block Capacity: Initially increased the block size to 8MB, and later further supported dynamic adjustment (with a maximum of 32MB). This raises the TPS to approximately 100-200 transactions per second, significantly reducing the probability of transaction congestion.
- Lower Transaction Costs: Thanks to the more sufficient block space, transaction fees are much lower than those of Bitcoin, usually ranging from a few cents to a few US dollars (depending on network congestion), making it suitable for small-value and high-frequency payments.
- Compatibility with Bitcoin's Basic Design: It inherits Bitcoin's SHA-256 encryption algorithm and decentralized ledger structure. Users who held Bitcoin in the early days could receive Bitcoin Cash in a 1:1 ratio at the time of the fork.

3. Main Application Scenarios

- Daily Payments: Focusing on the function of "peer-to-peer electronic cash", some merchants (such as offline retail stores and online platforms) accept BCH payments, which can be directly used to purchase goods or services.
- Value Storage and Transfer: As a cryptocurrency asset, it can be used for cross-regional transfers (especially in cross-border scenarios, without going through banks, and with faster settlement speed than traditional remittances). It is also regarded by some investors as an "alternative storage option to Bitcoin".

4. Current Market and Ecosystem Status

- Market Capitalization Ranking: It has long been ranked among the top 10-20 cryptocurrencies by market capitalization (as of May 2024). Although its liquidity is lower than that of Bitcoin and Ethereum, it has a stable trading market.
- Community and Development: The core development team continues to maintain the network and supports technical upgrades such as "Zero-Knowledge Proofs" to enhance privacy and scalability. However, the scale and influence of its community are far smaller than those of Bitcoin.

5. Core Differences from Bitcoin (BTC)

Comparison Dimension Bitcoin Cash (BCH) Bitcoin (BTC)
Block Size Dynamically adjustable (max. 32MB) 1MB (indirectly expanded via "SegWit")
Transaction Speed (TPS) Approximately 100-200 transactions/sec Approximately 3-7 transactions/sec
Core Positioning Daily payment tool ("electronic cash") Value storage ("digital gold")
Transaction Fees Low (a few cents - a few US dollars) High (dozens to hundreds of US dollars during peak periods)