Four years of war in Ukraine and the situation remains as complex as it was at the beginning. The Russian invasion that started in February 2022 has completely transformed the European landscape, and the interesting thing is to observe where Ukraine stands now in this conflict, both territorially and in terms of international support.

The first thing that catches attention is the scale of human losses. According to UN reports, nearly 15,000 civilians have died and 40,600 have been injured on Ukrainian territory, although the actual numbers are probably much higher. On the military side, Zelensky recently acknowledged the death of 5,000 Ukrainian soldiers since 2022, but that figure is clearly underestimated considering the thousands of missing persons. Russia does not publish its casualties, but estimates exceed 117,000 according to sources like BBC Russia and Mediazona, while some analysis centers like CSIS talk about even higher figures. It’s brutal, honestly.

Physical destruction is another aspect that defines the current situation in Ukraine. The eastern part of the country is practically devastated—cities like Bakhmut and Toretsk are in ruins. Attacks on energy infrastructure have left millions without heating or electricity, and about 20% of the territory is mined. The reconstruction cost estimated is over $558 billion for the next decade.

On the front lines, Russia controls about 20% of Ukrainian territory. Fighting is concentrated in Donbas, where Russia has taken