EIP-8141 Combined with FOCIL: Fast Transaction Processing Method with High Expected Confirmation Rate

Vitalik Buterin, the founder of Ethereum, has just announced a major technical initiative regarding the integration of two core mechanisms in the future Ethereum architecture. According to this theory, combining eip-8141 and FOCIL (Fast Optimistic Commitment Inclusion Layer) will create a transaction processing system with superior performance, especially in adversarial environments.

EIP-8141: Upgrading the Smart Account Model

EIP-8141 (based on EIP-7701) proposes a fundamental change in how Ethereum handles smart accounts. Instead of treating custom accounts as second-class citizens, eip-8141 elevates them to “first-class citizens” within the network.

This means accounts are equipped with advanced features such as:

• Multisignature (multisig)
• Quantum-resistant signatures
• Flexible key rotation mechanisms
• Smart Gas funding

In this model, activities from these upgraded accounts can be processed directly by Ethereum as regular transactions, without needing additional encapsulation layers. Security protocols can also implement multi-subscription account models via paymaster mechanisms or 2D nonces, providing native support at an equivalent level.

FOCIL: Mechanism for Rapid, Censorship-Resistant Transactions

FOCIL offers a technical solution to ensure transactions are quickly included in blocks, even under censorship conditions. This mechanism relies on rotating a randomly selected proposer from a chosen set at each interval—specifically, 17 roles are randomly selected from the proposer or builder group.

The current size of each FOCIL is about 8 KB, which is quite compact. However, Ethereum is developing an expansion roadmap so that in the future, a larger volume of transactions within a block can be routed through the FOCIL channel.

Coordination: Expected Amount and Confirmation Time

When combining EIP-8141 and FOCIL, all types of transactions—including smart wallet transactions, Gas sponsorship transactions, and protocol security transactions—are guaranteed to be included in a block via one of the randomly selected roles. The amount of transactions confirmed within each interval is a key factor in this design.

The most critical part of the design is the expected confirmation time: transactions are almost certain to be confirmed within 1–2 intervals in an adversarial environment. This provides a strong performance guarantee for users.

Comparison with the Multiple Proposers (MCP) Proposal

This architecture shares similarities with the Multiple Concurrent Proposers (MCP) design but differs significantly: FOCIL does not control the “last look” rights related to MEV. These rights are still distributed via the ePBS (encrypted Proposer-Builder Separation) auction mechanism.

Even when 100% of block intervals are monopolized by adversarial parties through PBS, refusing connection to the public mempool or discriminating against specific applications, FOCIL still ensures transactions are included rapidly.

Limiting Proposal Role Centralization

While this design does not completely eliminate the risk of centralization in the proposer role, it significantly weakens their power. Instead of granting proposers absolute authority, FOCIL disperses the decision-making power over transaction inclusion within the block.

Under eip-8141, transactions from smart wallets or security protocols can be directly received by the FOCIL recipient via the public mempool, without additional intermediaries or encapsulation processes.

Ethereum is accelerating the development of this core architecture upgrade, aiming for a network that is faster, more secure, and more censorship-resistant.