From May 22 to 23 local time, U.S. President Trump made back-to-back comments, saying that the peace agreement between the United States and Iran has been “essentially worked out,” with the final details to be announced soon. The news quickly sparked widespread attention from the international community and drew different reactions from various parties.

As Trump revealed, the agreement is a “peace memorandum of understanding.” Its core contents include immediately ending hostilities, gradually reopening the Strait of Hormuz, freezing some of Iran’s assets held by foreign banks, and initiating follow-up negotiations. Trump said that before making the announcement, he had discussed the matter by phone with leaders of several Middle Eastern countries, including Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, as well as with the Chief of Staff of the Pakistan Army. He also communicated with Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu. U.S. officials also confirmed that the negotiations “are making progress,” and that the remaining differences are mainly focused on the “wording” of a few key clauses.

However, there is a clear gap in tone among the parties. Iran said Trump’s comments are “incomplete,” emphasizing that even if an agreement is reached, management authority over the Strait of Hormuz, route planning, and passage permissions will remain entirely under Iran’s control, and it will not revert to a state of fully “free passage.” Iran’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs said both sides are in the final stage of finalizing the memorandum of understanding, but differences still remain, and at this stage the negotiations do not involve details regarding nuclear issues or the lifting of sanctions.

Meanwhile, Israel is deeply concerned about the prospects of the agreement. Prime Minister Netanyahu has urgently convened meetings with the heads of the security departments, fearing that the agreement’s terms are “highly unfavorable” to Israel. In the market, influenced by news that an agreement may be reached and that the strait could resume operations, international crude oil prices have fallen significantly.

That said, the situation has not yet been fully settled. Trump also issued harsh remarks, saying that if Iran does not sign, the U.S. will carry out large-scale bombing, and he will decide in the near future whether to restart hostilities. Whether this “essentially finalized” agreement can ultimately be implemented remains to be seen.