It is interesting to explore which countries were part of the Ottoman Empire throughout its existence. This was truly a vast territory that spanned three continents.

In Europe, the Turks ruled for a very long time. Turkey itself was under their control for 623 years, Bulgaria for 515 years, North Macedonia for 542 years. Greece is notable because the duration of rule varied across regions—from 370 to 520 years. Serbia was under Ottoman rule for 419 years, Montenegro for 399 years, Bosnia and Herzegovina for 415 years. Albania was also under control for a long time—527 years.

Regarding other European territories, Romania was divided—Wallachia, Moldova, and Transylvania were under different periods of control, from 337 to 484 years. Moldova was under Ottoman rule for 274 years, Hungary for 160-192 years depending on the region. Kosovo was under Ottoman rule for 524 years.

In the Caucasus, the situation was more complex. Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan—all these territories came under Turkish control at different times. Georgia was under Ottoman influence for 349, 398, and even 1 year in some cases. Armenia was under Ottoman rule for only 41 years, Azerbaijan for 26 years. The Caucasus regions of Russia, including Dagestan and Kabarda, were under Ottoman influence for 355 years.

In the Middle East, the picture was even larger. Iraq for 404 years, Syria for 402 years, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, and Lebanon for approximately 400-402 years each. Kuwait for 361-375 years, parts of Saudi Arabia for about 393 years. Yemen was divided into two periods, totaling 146 years.

In Africa, there were also significant holdings. Egypt and Sudan for 365-397 years, Libya for 382 years, Algeria for 315 years, Tunisia for 307-330 years. Eritrea for 330 years, Djibouti for 329 years, Somalia for 361 years. This shows how extensive the Ottoman Empire was and how long it controlled such a diverse range of territories and peoples.